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Victor Emmanuel III was King of Italy from 29 July 1900 until his abdication on 9 May 1946.
The Carabinieri, formally Arma dei Carabinieri, "Arm of Carabineers"; previously Corpo dei Carabinieri Reali, "Royal Carabineers Corps") are the national gendarmerie of Italy who primarily carry out domestic and foreign policing duties.
It is one of Italy's main law enforcement agencies, alongside the Polizia di Stato and the Guardia di Finanza.
As with the Guardia di Finanza but in contrast to the Polizia di Stato, the Carabinieri are a military force.
As the fourth branch of the Italian Armed Forces, they come under the authority of the Ministry of Defence; for activities related to inland public order and security, they functionally depend on the Ministry of the Interior.
Until 2000, the Carabinieri were part of the Italian Army.
On 31 March 2000, they were separated to become the fourth branch of the Italian Armed Forces.
Carabinieri have policing powers that can be exercised at any time and in any part of the country.
